partiview.txt 86.86 KiB
Partiview (PC-VirDir)
Peter Teuben, Stuart Levy
25 June 2002
partiview is a program that enables you to visualize and animate par-
ticle data. partiview runs on relatively simple desktops and laptops,
but is mostly compatible with its big brother VirDir. This document
helps you installing and running the development version of partiview.
______________________________________________________________________
Table of Contents
1. Installation
1.1 MESA/OpenGL
1.2 FLTK
1.3 partiview
1.4 CVS
1.5 Compiling under Windows
2. Directory structure
3. Running the program
3.1 Example 1: Hipparcos Bright Star Catalogue 3-D viewing
3.2 Top Row
3.3 Group row (optional)
3.4 Time Animation rows (Optional)
3.5 Camera (path) Animation row
3.6 Logfile window
3.7 Command window
3.8 Viewing window
3.9 Example 2: a (starlab) animation
3.10 Example 3: stereo viewing
3.11 Example 4: subsetting
4. Commands
4.1 Control Commands
4.2 I/O Control Commands
4.3 Object Group Control Commands
4.4 View Control commands
4.5 Particle Display Control Commands
4.6 Particle subsetting & statistics
4.7 Boxes
4.8 Data commands
4.9 Kira/Starlab
4.9.1 Kira particle attributes
4.9.2 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
4.9.3 kira control commands
4.10 Textures
4.11 Coordinates and Coordinate Transformations
4.12 Colormap Files
5. Viewing Window Keyboard Shortcuts
6. Partiview and NEMO
7. Tips
8. Bugs, Features and Limitations
8.1 Limitations w.r.t. VirDir:
8.2 Some notes for newcomers to VirDir
9. Glossary
______________________________________________________________________
[1m1. Installation[0m
This assumes you have the July 2001 release (version 0.6 or later) of
[1mpartiview[22m, not the earlier "[1mgview[22m" release that was described in earlier versions of this document. We keep copies of some Linux
support files (Mesa, FLTK) on our current
http://www.astro.umd.edu/nemo/amnh website. Although more current
versions of support libraries may be available, they may not have been
tested out. This release has been tried on Linux (red hat 6.2, 7.1,
7.2), Irix and Windows.
partiview needs two libraries to compile: OpenGL (or MESA) for the
drawing operations, and FLTK for the graphical user interface. These
libraries are known to work on MS-Windows as well as many Unix
flavors.
[1m1.1. MESA/OpenGL[0m
First make sure Mesa is installed, for redhat6.2 there are rpm files
available. For redhat7.1+ they are now included in the basic
distribution. Check if you have something like the following (version
numbers may be different):
______________________________________________________________________
% rpm -qa | grep Mesa
Mesa-3.2-2
Mesa-devel-3.2-2
else:
% rpm -i Mesa-3.2-2.i686.rpm Mesa-devel-3.2-2.i686.rpm
______________________________________________________________________
You should have both installed. Some packages will use libMesaGL,
others libGL. Our configure script (see below) should take care of the
two possible options.
Homepage: http://mesa3d.sourceforge.net/
Redhat packages: (part of powertools I believe)
Mesa3D is under continuous development. As of this writing the stable
release is 4.0.1, but it has not been tested with the current
partiview release. Redhat 7.1 comes with Mesa-3.4 and also works with
partiview. You can also use a CVS release of Mesa.
[1m1.2. FLTK[0m
Also make sure FLTK is installed. If you got our version, do this (as
root)
______________________________________________________________________
% locate libfltk.a
% locate Fl_Slider.h
if they fail, then
% cd <where-ever>/fltk-1.0.9
% make install
______________________________________________________________________
(you only need it if you want to recompile the program at some point,
not if you just want to run it)
Homepage: http://www.fltk.org/
Redhat packages: http://www.cs.cornell.edu/nogin/RPM/fltk-devel.html
Find rpms: http://rpmfind.net
FLTK is under continuous development. Versions from 1.0.9 through
1.1.0rc3 have been successfully tested with partiview. The upcoming
2.0 version of FLTK is unlikely to work with partiview.
[1m1.3. partiview[0m
You can decide to use a branded version, usually available as a tar or
zip file, or use the CVS (see below). Extract the tarball, and
install the program from within the src directory:
______________________________________________________________________
% tar zxf partiview-0.6.tar.gz
% cd partiview-0.6/src
% make clean (if you really must compile a new executable)
% ./configure (GNU autoconf toolset to ease installation)
% make depend (might need to make new local dependancies)
% make partiview (should not have to edit Makefile anymore)
______________________________________________________________________
If you encounter difficulties of locating either the FLTK or
MESA/OpenGL libraries, configure script options can specify them:
--with-fltk=[4mdirname[24m names the directory which contains the lib and FL
subdirectories, --with-mesa=[4mdirname[24m can specify the Mesa installation
directory [??], and --with-kira=[4mdirname[24m names the Starlab directory,
whose default value is taken from environment variable STARLAB_PATH if
that is set.
[1m1.4. CVS[0m
Since version 0.5 partiview is under CVS control, and occasionally we
will stamp out a new release when we deem it stable. Anonymous or
read-only CVS access is also offered. Currently the CVS repository
machine is cvs.astro.umd.edu and you will need to setup your
developers account with Peter (teuben@astro.umd.edu). Here's a sample
session with some commonly used CVS commands:
______________________________________________________________________
setenv CVSROOT :pserver:anonymous@cvs.astro.umd.edu:/home/cvsroot
setenv CVSEDITOR emacs
setenv CVS_RSH ssh (not needed for pserver access though)
cvs login (only needed once, and only for pserver type access)
cvs checkout partiview # get a new local sandbox to work in, or
cd partiview # goto the root directory of partiview
cvs -n -q update # check if others had made any changes cvs update # if so, update your sandbox and/or resolve conflicts
cd partiview/src # goto the 'src' directory of partiview
./configure
emacs partibrains.c # edit some files
make all # compile the program
./partiview # test the program
emacs kira_parti.cc # edit another file
make all # check if it still compiles
cvs -n -q update # check if anybody else made changes
cvs update # if so, update your sandbox again, resolve conflicts
cvs commit # and commit your changes
______________________________________________________________________
[1m1.5. Compiling under Windows[0m
Partiview can be compiled from the command line on Windows using
either the Microsoft Visual C tools (cl, nmake, etc.) or using gcc/g++
with MinGW32, MSYS and w32api. The MinGW route is currently the only
way to compile with kira/Starlab support. There's no provision for
building partiview within the MS Visual Studio GUI.
To compile with Microsoft C:
1. Install FLTK using MS Visual C++ as described in its documentation.
2. Unpack the partiview distribution from its tarball or via CVS.
3. Edit the file partiview/src/partiview.mak, changing FLTK_DIR as
appropriate.
4. Run the vcvars32.bat script from the Developer Studio Bin
directory; this will set the MSVCDIR environment variable, add the
Bin directory to PATH, etc.
5. In the partiview/src directory, compile with
nmake -f partiview.mak
Dependencies are [4mnot[24m properly maintained by this Makefile, so use
nmake -f partiview.mak clean if you change anything.
To compile with MinGW and company, you'll need to:
1. Install MinGW (gcc, etc.), its associated w32api libraries and
header files, and the MSYS suite of UNIX-like tools. All three
packages are available at:
http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/mingw/ Recent releases of
w32api include MinGW versions of OpenGL libraries and headers,
which partiview needs. As of June 2002, current versions seem to
be mingw-1.0.1-20010726, w32api-1.4-2, and MSYS-1.0.7. Unpack the
.zip or .tar archives of MinGW and w32api; both packages are
intended to live in the same directory. The MSYS package comes as
a self-extracting archive and can be extracted into a different
directory as desired. (But don't attempt to merge the MSYS bin
directory contents into mingw/bin.)
2. Add both the MSYS bin subdirectory and MinGW bin subdirectory to
the Windows PATH environment variable, with the MSYS directory
coming earlier, e.g. in a command window
set path=%path%;C:\util\msys\1.0\bin;C:\util\mingw\bin
or the analogous setting of PATH using (on WinNT/2000 at least) My
Computer -> Control Panel -> System -> Environment to make a permanent
change to PATH.
3. Build FLTK using MinGW. Unpack its source distribution and say
sh configure
make
4. Build the Starlab libraries, if desired:
a. You may need to install CVS for Windows. Binary packages are
available; follow the Win32 link on
http://www.cvshome.org/downloads.html. Put the resulting
cvs.exe file into the PATH somewhere.
b. Use CVS to checkout the Starlab sources into some directory:
cd C:\some\where
set CVSROOT=:pserver:anonymous@cvs.astro.umd.edu:/home/cvsroot
cvs login
cvs checkout starlab
cd starlab
c. Copy templates\starlab_setup.bat to local\starlab_setup.bat, and
edit it. Change the first two set commands: set STARLAB_PATH to
the installation directory -- in the above example, set
STARLAB_PATH=C:\some\where\starlab. Also optionally update (or
remove) set PATH=... to add MSYS and MinGW bin directories to
it.
d. From a Windows command window, type
local\starlab_setup
make libs
e. If successful, you should find in the lib directory the files
libdstar.a libdyn.a libnode.a librdc.a libsstar.a libstd.a
libtdyn.a
5. Now, back in the partiview/src directory, use configure and make as
under Unix. The MSYS package imposes its own UNIX-like syntax for
Windows pathnames, which you'll need to use as arguments to
configure and friends, with forward- instead of backslashes and a
/[4mdrive-letter[24m prefix. Also, if typing to a Windows command-window,
shell scripts like configure must be explicitly fed to sh. Thus
for example if FLTK is installed in C:\util\fltk-1.1.0 and Starlab
is in F:\src\starlab, then you might build partiview by typing
sh configure --with-fltk=/c/util/fltk-1.1.0 --with-kira=/f/src/starlab
make
Note there's no need to specify the location of the OpenGL or other
libraries; the configure script and MinGW tools already know where to
find them.
[1m2. Directory structure[0m
Here is the directory structure, as per version 0.1:
partiview/ root directory
partiview/src source code
partiview/data sample datafiles (e.g. Hipparcos Bright Star Catalogue)
partiview/doc manual (sgml, and derived html, txt, ps/dvi)
partiview/nemo NEMO specific converters/code
partiview/starlab STARLAB specific converters/code
partiview/tutor examples of tutorial type code (added in 0.2)
partiview/windows windows executables/support (old)
[1m3. Running the program[0m
First we describe a simple example how to run partiview with a
supplied sample dataset. Then we describe the different windows that
partiview is made up of, and the different commands and keystrokes it
listens to.
[1m3.1. Example 1: Hipparcos Bright Star Catalogue 3-D viewing[0m
Start the program using one of the sample "speck" files in the data
directory:
______________________________________________________________________
% cd partiview/data
% ./hipbright
or
% partiview hipbright
______________________________________________________________________
and this should come up with a display familiar to most of us who
watch the skies. You should probably enlarge the window a bit. Mine
comes up in roughly a 300 by 300 display window, which may be a bit
small (certainly on my screen :-) (Hint: the .partiviewrc file may
contain commands like eval winsize 600 400.)
Hit the TAB key to bring focus to the (one line) command window
inbetween the log screen (top) and viewing screen (bottom). Type the
commands
______________________________________________________________________
fov 50 (field of view 50 degrees)
jump 0 0 0 80 70 60 (put yourself in the origin
and look at euler angles
RxRyRz (80,70,60)
______________________________________________________________________
and it should give another nice comfy view :-) If you ever get lost,
and this is not hard, use the jump command to go back to a known
position and/or viewing angle.
partiview view
Note that spatial units for this dataset are parsecs, though angular
units are degrees for any data in partiview.
Now play with the display, use the 't', 'r', 'f' and 'o' keys (keys
are case sensitive) in the viewing window and use the left and mouse
buttons down to (carefully) move around a bit, and make yourself
comfortable with moving around. Using the 't' button you get some idea
of the distance of the stars by moving back and forth a little (the
parallax trick). In fact, if you 't' around a little bit, you may see
a green line flashing through the display. This is one of the RGB
(xyz) axes attached to the (0,0,0) [our sun] position. You should see
Procyon and Sirius exhibit pretty large parallaxes, but Orion is
pretty steady since it is several hundred parsecs away. If you move
the right mouse button you will zoom in/out and should see our Sun
flash by with the red-green-blue axes.
The RGB axes represent the XYZ axes in a (right-handed) cartesian
system. For the Hipparcos data the X (red) axis points to RA=0h, Y
(green) axis to RA=6h, both in the equatorial plane, and the Z (blue)
axis points to the equatorial north pole.
Try and use the middle mouse button (or the 'p' key) to click on
Sirius or Procyon, and see if you can get it to view its properties.
Now use the 'P' key to switch center to rotation to that star. Sirius
is probably a good choice. Move around a bit, and try and get the sun
and orion in the same view :-)
[NOTE: these Hipparcos data do not have reliably distance above
100-200 pc, so Orion's individual distances are probably uncertain to
30%]
A little bit on the types of motion, and what the mouse buttons do
______________________________________________________________________
| left middle right
| Button-1 Button-2 Button-3 Shift Button-1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
f (fly) | fly 'pick' zoom
o (orbit) | orbit 'pick' zoom
r (rotate) | rotate X/Y 'pick' rotate Z translate
t (translate) | translate 'pick' zoom
______________________________________________________________________
The point of origin for rotations can be changed with the 'P' button.
First you can try and pick ('p' or Button-2) a point, and if found,
hit 'P' to make this point the new rotation center default.
______________________________________________________________________
red = X axis
green = Y axis
blue = Z axis
______________________________________________________________________
To choose an arbitrary center of rotation, use the center command.
[1m3.2. Top Row[0m
The top row contains some shortcuts to some frequently used commands.
From left to right, it should show the following buttons:
[1mMore[0m
Offers some mode switches as toggles: inertia for continues spin
or motion, and an H-R Diagram to invoke a separate H-R diagram
window for datasets that support stellar evolution.
[1m[g1][0m
Pulldown g1, g2, ... (or whichever group) is the currently
selected group. See object command to make aliases which group
is defined to what object. If multiple groups are defined, the
next row below this contains a list of all the groups, and their
aliases, so you can toggle them to be displayed.
[1m[f]ly[0m
Pulldown to select fly/orbit/rot/tran, which can also be
activate by pressing the f/o/r/t keys inside the viewing window.
[1mpoint[0m
Toggle to turn the points on/off. See also the points command.
[1mpoly[0m
Toggle to turn polygons on/off. See also the polygon command.
[1mlbl[0m
Toggle to turn labels on/off. See also the label command.
[1mtex[0m
Toggle to turn textures on/off. See also the texture command.
[1mbox[0m
Toggle to turn boxes on/off. See also the boxes command.
[1m#.###[0m
The current displayed value of the logslum lum slider (see next)
[1mlogslum lum[0m
Slider controlling the logarithm of the [1mdatavar [22mvariable
selected as luminosity (with the lum command).
[1m3.3. Group row (optional)[0m
When more than one group has been activated (groups of particles or
objects can have their own display properties, and be turned on and
off at will), a new Group Row will appear as the 2nd row.
Left-clicking (button 1) on a button toggles the display of that
group; right-clicking (button 3) enables display of the group, and
also selects it as the current group for GUI controls and text
commands.
[1m3.4. Time Animation rows (Optional)[0m
For time-dependent data, the third and fourth row from the top control
the currently displayed data-time. This time-control bar is only
visible when the object has a nonzero time range.
[1mT [22mShows the current time (or offset from the tripmeter). The
absolute time is the sum of the [1mT [22mand [1m+ [22mfields. Both are
editable. See also the step control command.
[1mtrip[0m
Press to mark a reference point in time. The T field becomes
zero, and the + field (below) is set to current time. As time
passes, T shows the offset from this reference time.
[1mback[0m
Press to return to reference time (sets T to 0).
[1m+ [22mCurrent last time where tripmeter was set. You can reset to the
first frame with the command step 0
[1mdial[0m
Drag to adjust the current time. Sensitivity depends on the
speed setting; dragging by one dial-width corresponds to 0.1
wall-clock second of animation, i.e. 0.1 * [4mspeed[24m in data time
units.
[1m|<[0m
[1m>|[0m
Step time backwards or forwards by 0.1 * [4mspeed[24m data time units.
See also the < and > keyboard shortcuts.
[1m<<[0m
[1m>>[0m
toggle movie move forwards in time Toggle animating backwards or
forwards in time, by 1 * [4mspeed[24m data time units per real-time
second. See also the {, ~, and } keyboard shortcuts.
[1m#.####[0m
(Logarithmic) value denoting [4mspeed[24m of animation. See also the
speed control command.
[1m3.5. Camera (path) Animation row[0m
The fifth (or 4th or 3rd, depending if Group and/or Time rows are
present) row from the top controls loading and playing sequences of
moving through space.
[1mPath...[0m
Brings up a filebrowser to load a [1m.wf [22mpath file. This is a file
with on each line 7 numbers: xyz location, RxRyRz viewing
direction, and FOV (field of view). The rdata command loads
such path files too.
[1mPlay[0m
Play the viewpoint along the currently loaded path, as the play
command does. Right-click for a menu of play-speed options.
[1m<< < [###] >>>[0m
Step through camera-path frames. See also frame control
command.
[1mslider[0m
Slides through camera path, and displays current frame.
[1m3.6. Logfile window[0m
The third window from the top contains a logfile of past commands and
responses to them, and can be resized by dragging the bar between
command window and viewing window. The Logfile window also has a
scroll bar on the left. You can direct the mouse to any previous
command, and it will show up in the command window. Using the arrow
keys this command can then be edited.
[1m3.7. Command window[0m
The Command window is a single line entry window, in which Control
Commands can be given. Their responses appear in the Logfile window
and on the originating console. (unlike Data Commands, which show no
feedback). You can still give Data Commands in this window by
prefixing them with the add command. The Up- and Down-arrow keys (not
those on the keypad) scroll through previous commands, and can be
edited using the arrow keys and a subset of the emacs control
characters.
[1m3.8. Viewing window[0m
The (OpenGL) Viewing window is where all the action occurs. Typically
this is where you give single keystroke commands and/or move the mouse
for an interactive view of the data. It can be resized two ways:
either by resizing the master window, or by picking up the separator
between Viewing window and Command window above.
[1m3.9. Example 2: a (starlab) animation[0m
Setting up a small animation in for example Starlab can be done quite
simply as follows: (see also the primbim16.mk makefile to create a
standard one):
______________________________________________________________________
% makeplummer -i -n 20 | makemass -l 0.5 -u 10.0 | scale -s | kira -d 2 -D x10 > run1
% partiview run1.cf
% cat run1.cf
kira run1
eval every
eval lum mass 0 0.01
eval psize 100
eval cment 1 1 .7 .3
eval color clump exact
______________________________________________________________________
Alternatively, if you had started up partiview without any arguments,
the following Control Command (see below) would have done the same
______________________________________________________________________
read run1.cf
______________________________________________________________________
[1m3.10. Example 3: stereo viewing[0m
The 's' key within the viewing window toggles stereo viewing. By
default each object is split in a blue and a red part, that should be
viewed with a pair of red(left)/blue(right) glasses. Red/green glasses
will probably work too. Crosseyed viewing is also available if
selected by [1mstereo cross[22m. See [1mstereo [22mand [1mfocallen [22min the View
Commands section.
[1m3.11. Example 4: subsetting[0m
In the data directory, run
partiview hip.cf
One of the data fields for these stars is the [4mB-V[24m color, colorb_v,
abbreviatable to just color. Look at just the bluest stars: try
thresh color < -.1
Back off to a large distance (drag with right mouse button, and drag
the logslum lum slider to brighten) and look at the distribution of
these blue stars. The Orion spiral-arm spur, extending generally
along the +Y (green) axis, has lots of them. Now look at more reddish
stars, those with .5 <= [4mB-V[24m <= 1.5, with:
thresh color .5 1.5
These are much more uniformly distributed in the galactic plane.
Return to seeing all stars, with:
see all
or re-view the threshold-selected subset (reddish stars) with
see thresh
or its complement with
see -thresh
[1m4. Commands[0m
There are two types of commands in partiview: Control Commands and
Data Commands. Probably the most important difference between the two
is that Control Commands return feedback to the user, whereas Data
Commands are interpreted without comment. The command window expects to receive Control Commands. However, it is possible to enter a Data
Command where a Control Command is expected, using the add command
prefix. Likewise, a Control Command may be given where data is
expected, using the eval prefix, e.g. in a data (or .cf) file. The
real (Control) Command expects data commands, but if Control Commands
are needed, they need to be preceded with the eval command. See also
the previous [1mstarlab [22mexample.
[1m4.1. Control Commands[0m
(see partibrains.c::specks_parse_args)
Control Commands are accepted in the Command window, and in some other
contexts. Generally, partiview gives a response to every Control
Command, reporting the (possibly changed) status.
Typically, if parameters are omitted, the current state is reported.
Some commands apply to particles in the current group (see Object
group commands); others affect global things, such as time or display
settings.
Data Commands can also be given, if prefixed with add.
[1m4.2. I/O Control Commands[0m
[1mread [4m[22mspecks-file[0m
Read a file containing Data Commands (typical suffix .cf or
.speck).
[1masync [4m[22munix-command[0m
Run an arbitrary unix command (invoked via /bin/sh) as a
subprocess of partiview. Its standard output is interpreted as
a stream of control commands. Thus partiview can be driven
externally, e.g. to record an animation (using the snapshot
command), or to provide additional GUI controls. Several async
commands can run concurrently. Examples are given later.
Warning: you cannot interrupt a started command, short of
hitting ESC to exit partiview.
[1madd [4m[22mdata-command[0m
Enter a Data Command where a Control Command is expected, e.g.
in the text input box. For example,
add 10 15 -1 text blah
adds a new label "blah" at 10 15 -1, or
add kira myrun.out
loads a kira (starlab) output file.
[1meval [4m[22mcontrol-command[0m
Processes that control command just as if the eval prefix
weren't there. Provided for symmetry: wherever either a control
command or a data command is expected, entering eval [4mcontrol-[0m
[4mcommand[24m ensures that it's taken as a control command.
[1madd filepath (data-command)[0m
Determines the list of directories where all data files, color
maps, etc. are sought. See the filepath entry under Data
Commands.
[1m4.3. Object Group Control Commands[0m
Partiview can load multiple groups of particles, each with independent
display settings, colormaps, etc. When more than one group is loaded,
the Group Row appears on the GUI, with one toggle-button for each
group. Toggling the button turns display of that group on or off.
Right-clicking turns the group unconditionally on, and selects that
group as the current one for other GUI controls.
Many Control Commands apply to the [4mcurrently[24m [4mselected[24m group.
Groups always have names of the form g[4mN[24m for some small positive [4mN[24m;
each group may also have an alias.
[1mg[4m[22mN[24m Select group g[4mN[24m. Create a new group if it doesn't already
exist.
[1mg[4m[22mN[24m=[4malias[0m
Assign name [4malias[24m to group g[4mN[24m. Note there must be no blanks
around the = sign.
[1mobject [4m[22mobjectname[0m
Likewise, select object [4mobjectname[24m, which may be either an alias
name or g[4mN[24m.
[1mg[4m[22mN[24m [4mcontrol-command[0m
[1mobject [4m[22mobjectname[24m [4mcontrol-command[0m
Either form may be used as a [4mprefix[24m to any control command to
act on the specified group, e.g. object fred poly on
[1mgall [4m[22mcontrol-command[0m
Invoke the given [4mcontrol-command[24m in all groups. For example, to
turn display of group 3 on and all others off, use:
gall off
g3 on
[1mon[0m
[1menable[0m
Either one will enable the display of the currently selected
group (as it is by default).
[1moff[0m
[1mdisable[0m
Either one will turn off the display of the current group.
[1m4.4. View Control commands[0m
View commands affect the view; they aren't specific to data groups.
[1mfov [4m[22mfloat[0m
Angular field of view (in degrees) in Y-direction.
[1mcen[ter] [4m[22mX[24m [4mY[24m [4mZ[24m [[4mRADIUS[24m]
Set point of interest. This is the center of rotation in
[o]rbit and [r]otate modes. Also, in [o]rbit mode, translation
speed is proportional to the viewer's distance from this point.
The optional [4mRADIUS[24m (also set by censize) determines the size of
the marker crosshair, initially 1 unit.
[1mcen[ter] [[4m[22mX[24m [4mY[24m [4mZ[24m [[4mRADIUS[24m]]
int[erest] [[4mX[24m [4mY[24m [4mZ[24m [[4mRADIUS[24m]]" Set point of interest. This is the
center of rotation in [o]rbit and [r]otate modes. And, in
[o]rbit mode, translation speed is proportional to the viewer's
distance from this point. The optional [4mRADIUS[24m (also set by
censize) determines the size of the marker crosshair, initially
1 unit.
**** why is center/interest commented out in the first example.
Originally this command was documented twice, the first one has
/interest commented out.
[1mcensize [[4m[22mRADIUS[24m]
Set size of point-of-interest marker.
[1mwhere [4m[22m(also)[24m w
Report the 3-D camera position and forward direction vector.
[1mclip [4m[22mNEAR[24m [4mFAR[0m
Clipping distances. The computer graphics setup always requires
drawing only objects in some finite range of distances in front
of the viewpoint. Both values must be strictly positive, and
their ratio is limited; depending on the graphics system in use,
distant objects may appear to blink if the [4mFAR[24m/[4mNEAR[24m ratio
exceeds 10000 or so.
To set the far clip range without changing the near, use a non-
numeric near clip value, e.g. clip - 1000.
[1mjump [[4m[22mX[24m [4mY[24m [4mZ[24m] [[4mRx[24m [4mRy[24m [4mRz[24m]
Get or set the current position (XYZ) and/or viewing (RxRyRz)
angle.
[1mreadpath[0m
Read a Wavefront (.wf) file describing a path through space.
[1mrdata[0m
Synonym for readpath.
[1mplay [4m[22mspeed[24m[f]
Play the currently loaded (from readpath/rdata) camera animation
path, at [4mspeed[24m times normal speed, skipping frames as needed to
keep up with wall-clock time. (Normal speed is 30 frames per
second.) With "f" suffix, displays every [4mspeed[24m-th frame,
without regard to real time.
[1mframe [[4m[22mframeno[24m]
Get or set the current frame the [4mframeno[24m-th.
[1mupdate[0m
Ensures the display is updated, as before taking a snapshot.
Probably only useful in a stream of control commands from an
async subprocess.
[1mwinsize [[4m[22mXSIZE[24m [[4mYSIZE[24m]]
[1mwinsize [4m[22mXSIZE[24mx[4mYSIZE[24m+[4mXPOS[24m+[4mYPOS[0m
Resize graphics window. With no arguments, reports current
size. With one argument, resizes to given width, preserving
aspect ratio. With two arguments, reshapes window to that
height and width. With complete X geometry specification (no
embedded spaces), e.g. winsize 400x350+20-10, also sets position
of graphics window, with +X and +Y measured from left/top, -X
and -Y measured from right/bottom of screen.
[1mdetach [full|hide] [[4m[22m+XPOS+YPOS[24m]
Detach graphics window from GUI control strip and optionally
specify position of control strip. With full or hide, makes
graphics window full-screen with GUI visible or hidden,
respectively. With neither full nor hide, the graphics window
is detached but left at its current size.
The [4m+XPOS+YPOS[24m is a window position in X window geometry style,
so e.g. detach full -10+5 places the GUI near the upper right
corner of the screen, 10 pixels in from the right and 5 pixels
down from the top edge.
If you don't mind typing blindly, it's still possible to enter
text-box commands even with the controls hidden; press the [4mTab[0m
key before each command to ensure that input focus is in the
text box. Use [4mTab[24mdetach full[4mEnter[24m to un-hide a hidden control
strip.
[1mbgcolor [4m[22mR[24m [4mG[24m [4mB[0m
Set window background color (three R G B numbers or one
grayscale value).
[1mfocallen [4m[22mdistance[0m
Focal length: distance from viewer to a typical object of
interest. This affects stereo display (see below) and
navigation: the speed of motion in [t]ranslate and [f]ly modes
is proportional to this distance.
[1mstereo [on|off|redcyan|glasses|cross|left|right] [[4m[22mseparation[24m]
Stereo display. Also toggled on/off by typing 's' key in
graphics window. Where hardware allows it, stereo glasses
selects CrystalEyes-style quad-buffered stereo. All systems
should be capable of stereo redcyan, which requires wearing
red/green or red/blue glasses, and of cross (crosseyed), which
splits the window horizontally. left and right show just that
eye's view, and may be handy for taking stereo snapshots.
Useful [4mseparation[24m values might be 0.02 to 0.1, or -0.02 to -0.1
to swap eyes. See also focallen command, which gives the
distance to a typical object of interest: left- and right-eye
images of an object at that distance will coincide on the
screen.
Virtual-world eyes will be separated by distance 2 * [4mfocallen[24m [4m*[0m
[4mseparation[24m, with convergence angle 2 * arctan([4mseparation[24m).
See also the winsize and detach commands for control over graphics window size and placement.
Beware: some systems which support hardware ("glasses") stereo
also require that the display be set to a stereo-capable video
mode. Partiview does not do this automatically. For example,
on stereo-capable SGI Irix systems, you may need to type (to a
unix shell) /usr/gfx/setmon -n 1024x768_96s to allow stereo
viewing and something like /usr/gfx/setmon -n 72 to revert.
Otherwise, turning partiview's stereo on will just show the left
eye's view -- displacing the viewpoint but nothing else.
[1msnapset [[22m-n [4mFRAMENO[24m] [4mFILESTEM[24m [[4mFRAMENO[24m]
Set parameters for future snapshot commands. [4mFILESTEM[24m may be a
printf format string with frame number as argument, e.g. snapset
pix/%04d.ppm, generating image names of pix/0000.ppm,
pix/0001.ppm, etc. If [4mFILESTEM[24m contains no % sign, then
.%03d.ppm.gz is appended to it, so snapset ./pix/fred yields
snapshot images named ./pix/fred.000.ppm.gz etc.
Frame number [4mFRAMENO[24m (default 0) increments with each snapshot
taken.
[1msnapshot [[4m[22mFRAMENO[24m]
Capture a snapshot image of the current view. Use snapset to
specify the output image name. Default format is snap.%03d.tif.
Partiview generally invokes the ImageMagick program convert(1),
which must be installed and be on the user's $PATH. Convert
determines the type of image (jpeg, sgi, bmp, etc.) based on the
file suffix.
Convert is not needed if the snapset [4mFILESTEM[24m ends in .ppm.gz
(invokes gzip rather than convert) or .ppm (no external program
required).
[1m4.5. Particle Display Control Commands[0m
These commands affect how particles (in the current group) are
displayed.
[1mpsize [4m[22mscalefactor[0m
All particle luminosities (as specified by lum command) are
scaled by the product of two factors: a [4mlumvar[24m-specific factor
given by slum, and a global factor given by psize. So the
intrinsic brightness of a particle is [4mvalue-specified-by-[24mlum *
[4mslum-for-current-lumvar[24m * [4mpsize-scalefactor[24m.
[1mslum [4m[22mslumfactor[0m
Data-field specific luminosity scale factor, for current choice
of [4mlumvar[24m as given by the lum command. A [4mslumfactor[24m is recorded
independently for each data field, so if data fields mass and
energy were defined, one might say
lum mass
slum 1000
lum energy
slum 0.25
having chosen each variable's [4mslumfactor[24m for useful display, and
then freely switch between lum mass and lum energy without having to readjust particle brightness each time.
[1mptsize [4m[22mminpixels[24m [4mmaxpixels[0m
Specifies the range of [4mapparent[24m sizes of points, in pixels.
Typical values might be ptsize 0.1 5. The graphics system may
silently impose an upper limit of about 10 pixels.
[1mpolysize [on|off] [a|s|r][0m
[1mpolylum[0m
[1mpolyminpixels[0m
[1mpolymin [4m[22mminradius[24m [[4mmaxradius[24m]
[1mcolor[0m
Specify how particles are colored. Generally, a linear function
of some data field of each particle becomes an index into a
colormap (see cmap, cment).
[1mcolor [4m[22mcolorvar[24m [[4mminval[24m [4mmaxval[24m]
Use data field [4mcolorvar[24m (either a name as set by datavar or a
0-based integer column number) to determine color. Map
[4mminval[24m to color index 1, and [4mmaxval[24m to the next-to-last entry
in the colormap ([4mNcmap-2[24m). The 0th and last ([4mNcmap-1[24m)
colormap entry are used for out-of-range data values.
If [4mminval[24m and [4mmaxval[24m are omitted, the actual range of values
is used.
[1mcolor [4m[22mcolorvar[24m exact [[4mbaseval[24m]
Don't consider field [4mcolorvar[24m as a continuous variable;
instead, it's integer-valued, and mapped one-to-one with
color table slots. Data value [4mN[24m is mapped to color index
[4mN+baseval[24m.
[1mcolor [4m[22mcolorvar[24m -exact
Once the exact tag is set (for a particular data-field), it's
sticky. To interpret that data field as a continuous,
scalable variable again, use -exact.
[1mcolor const [4m[22mR[24m [4mG[24m [4mB[0m
Show all particles as color [4mR[24m [4mG[24m [4mB[24m, each value in range 0 to
1, independent of any data fields.
[1mlum[0m
Specify how particles' intrinsic luminosity is computed: a
linear function of some data field of each particle.
[1mlum [4m[22mlumvar[24m [[4mminval[24m [4mmaxval[24m]
Map values of data field [4mlumvar[24m (datavar name or field
number) to luminosity. The (linear) mapping takes field
value [4mminval[24m to luminosity 0 and [4mmaxval[24m to luminosity 1.0.
If [4mminval[24m and [4mmaxval[24m are omitted, the actual range of values
is mapped to the luminosity range 0 to 1.
Note that the resulting luminosities are then scaled by the
psize and slum scale factors, and further scaled according to
distance as specified by fade, to compute apparent brightness
of points.
[1mlum const [4m[22mL[0m
Specify constant particle luminosity [4mL[24m independent of any
data field values.
[1mfade [planar|spherical|linear [4m[22mrefdist[24m|const [4mrefdist[24m]
Determines how distance affects particles' apparent brightness
(or "size"). The default fade planar gives 1/r^2 light falloff,
with r measured as distance from the view plane. fade spherical
is also 1/r^2, but with r measured as true distance from the
viewpoint. fade linear [4mrefdist[24m gives 1/r light falloff -- not
physically accurate, but useful to get a limited sense of depth.
fade const [4mrefdist[24m gives constant apparent brightness
independent of distance, and may be appropriate for orthographic
views.
The [4mrefdist[24m for linear and const modes is that distance [4mr[24m at
which apparent brightness should match that in the 1/r^2 modes
-- a distance to a "typical" particle.
[1mlabelminpixels[0m
[1mlabelsize[0m
[1mlsize[0m
[1mpoint[s] [on|off][0m
Turn display of points on or off. With no argument, toggles
display.
[1mpoly[gons] [on|off][0m
Turn display of points on or off. With no argument, toggles
display.
[1mtexture [on|off][0m
Turn display of textures on or off. With no argument, toggles.
[1mlabel[s] [on|off][0m
Turn display of label text on or off. With no argument,
toggles.
[1mtxscale [4m[22mscalefactor[0m
Scale size of all textures relative to their polygons. A scale
factor of 0.5 (default) make the texture square just fill its
polygon, if polysides is 4.
[1mpolyorivar[0m
Report setting of polyorivar data-command, which see.
[1mtexturevar[0m
Report setting of texturevar data-command, which see.
[1mlaxes [on|off][0m
Toggle label axes. When on, and when labels are displayed,
shows a
[1mpolyside(s)[0m
Number of sides a polygon should have. Default 11, for fairly round polygons. For textured polygons, polysides 4 might do as
well, and be slightly speedier.
[1mfast[0m
see also ptsize
[1mptsize [4m[22mminpixels[24m [[4mmaxpixels[24m]
Specifies range of apparent (pixel) size of points. Those with
computed sizes (based on luminosity and distance) smaller than
[4mminpixels[24m are randomly (but repeatably) subsampled -- i.e. some
fraction of them are not drawn. Those computed to be larger
than [4mmaxpixels[24m are drawn at size [4mmaxpixels[24m.
[1mgamma [4m[22mdisplaygamma[0m
Tells the particle renderer how the display + OpenGL relates
image values to visible lightness. You don't need to change
this, but may adjust it to minimize the brightness glitches when
particles change size. Typical values are gamma 1 through gamma
2.5 or so. Larger values raise the apparent brightness of dim
things.
[1malpha [4m[22malpha[0m
Get or set the alpha value, in the range 0 to 1; it determines
the opacity of polygons.
[1mspeed[0m
For time-dependent data, advance datatime by this many time
units per wall-clock second.
[1mstep [[4m[22mtimestep[24m]
For time-varying data, sets current timestep number. Real-
valued times are meaningful for some kinds of data including
those from Starlab/kira; for others, times are rounded to
nearest integer. If running, step also stops datatime
animation. (See run.)
[1mstep [+|-][4m[22mdeltatimestep[0m
If preceded with a plus or minus sign, adds that amount to
current time.
(note that fspeed has been deprecated)
[1mrun[0m
Continue a stopped animation (see also step).
[1mtfm [-v] [[4m[22mnumbers...[24m]
Object-to-world transformation. May take 1, 6, 7, 9 or 16
parameters: either [4mscalefactor[24m, or [4mtx[24m [4mty[24m [4mtz[24m [4mrx[24m [4mry[24m [4mrz[0m
[4mscalefactor[24m>], or 16 numbers for 4x4 matrix, or 9 numbers for
3x3 matrix. See [4mCoordinates[24m [4mand[24m [4mCoordinate[24m [4mTransformations[24m.
With no numeric parameters, reports the current object-to-world
transform. Use tfm -v to see the transform and its inverse in
several forms.
[1mmove [g[4m[22mN[24m] {on|off}
Normally, navigation modes [r]otate and [t]ranslate just adjust
the viewpoint (camera). However, if you turn move on, then
[r]otate and [t]ranslate move the currently-selected object
group instead, e.g. to adjust its alignment relative to other groups. ([o]rbit and [f]ly modes always move the camera.)
To indicate that move mode is enabled, the control strip shows
the selected group's name in bold italics, as [4m[g3][24m. Use move
off to revert to normal. The tfm command reports the current
object-group-to-global-world transformation.
[1mfwd[0m
[1mdatawait on|off[0m
For asynchronously-loaded data (currently only ieee data
command), say whether wait for current data step to be loaded.
(If not, then keep displaying previous data while loading new.)
[1mcmap [4m[22mfilename[0m
Load (ascii) filename with RGB values, for coloring particles.
The color command selects which data field is mapped to color
index and how.
Colormaps are text files, beginning with a number-of-entries
line and followed by R G B or R G B A entries one per line; see
the [4mColormaps[24m section.
[1mvcmap -v [4m[22mfieldname[24m [4mfilename[0m
Load colormap as with cmap command. But use this colormap only
when the given data field is selected for coloring. Thus the
cmap color map applies to all data fields for which no vcmap has
ever been specified.
[1mcment [4m[22mcolorindex[24m [[4mR[24m [4mG[24m [4mB[24m]
Report or set that colormap entry.
[1mrawdump [4m[22mdump-filename[0m
All particle attributes (not positions though) are written to a
[4mdump-filename[24m. Useful for debugging. Warning: it will happily
overwrite an existing file with that name.
[1m4.6. Particle subsetting & statistics[0m
[1mclipbox ...[0m
see cb below.
[1mcb ....[0m
Display only a 3D subregion of the data -- the part lying within
the clipbox.
[1mcb [4m[22mxmin[24m [4mymin[24m [4mzmin[24m [4mxmax[24m [4mymax[24m [4mzmax[0m
Specified by coordinate ranges. Note only spaces are used to
separate the 6 numbers.
[1mcb [4m[22mxcen,ycen,zcen[24m [4mxrad,yrad,zrad[0m
Specified by center and "radius" of the box. Note no spaces
after the commas!
[1mcb [4m[22mxmin,xmax[24m [4mymin,ymax[24m [4mzmin,zmax[0m
Specified by coordinate ranges.
[1mcb [22moff
Disable clipping. The entire dataset is again visible.
[1mcb [22mon Re-enable a previously defined clipbox setting. It will also
display the clipbox again
[1mcb [22mhide
Hide the clipbox, but still discard objects whose centers lie
outside it.
Note this command does not toggle clipping if no arguments given
(that would be handy and more in line with similar commands).
If no arguments given, it reports the current clipbox.
[1mthresh[0m
Display a subset of particles, chosen by the value of some data
field. Each thresh command overrides settings from previous
commands, so it cannot be used to show unions or intersections
of multiple criteria. For that, see the only command. However,
unlike only, the thresh criterion applies to time-varying data.
[1mthresh [4m[22mfield[24m [4mminval[24m [4mmaxval[0m
Display only those particles where [4mminval[24m <= field [4mfield[24m <=
[4mmaxval[24m. The [4mfield[24m may be given by name (as from datavar) or
by field number.
[1mthresh [4m[22mfield[24m <[4mmaxval[0m
[1mthresh [4m[22mfield[24m >[4mminval[0m
Show only particles where [4mfield[24m is <= or >= the given
threshold.
[1mthresh [off|on][0m
Disable or re-enable a previously specified threshold.
[1monly= [4m[22mdatafield[24m [4mvalue[24m [4mminvalue-maxvalue[24m <[4mvalue[24m >[4mvalue[24m ...
[1monly+ [4m[22mdatafield[24m [4mvalue[24m [4mminvalue-maxvalue[24m <[4mvalue[24m >[4mvalue[24m ...
[1monly- [4m[22mdatafield[24m [4mvalue[24m [4mminvalue-maxvalue[24m <[4mvalue[24m >[4mvalue[24m ...
Scans particles (in the current timestep only!), finding those
where [4mdatafield[24m has value [4mvalue[24m, or has a value in range
[4mminvalue[24m <= value <= [4mmaxvalue[24m, or whatever. Multiple value-
ranges may be specified to select the union of several sets.
The resulting set of particles is assigned to (only=), added to
(only+) or subtracted from (only-) the thresh selection-set.
Also display just particles in that selection-set, as if see
thresh had been typed.
The net effect is illustrated by these examples:
[1monly= type 1-3 5[0m
Show only particles of type 1, 2, 3 or 5.
[1monly- mass <2.3 >3.5[0m
After the above command, shows only the subset of type
1/2/3/5 particles AND have mass between 2.3 and 3.5. (Note
that to take the intersection of two conditions, you must
subtract the complement of the latter one. Maybe some day
there'll be an only&.
[1msee [22mselexpr
Show just those particles in the selection-set selexpr.
Predefined set names are all, none, thresh and pick, and other
names may be defined by the sel command. The default is see
all. Using the thresh or only commands automatically switch to
displaying see thresh.
Note that you can see the complement of a named set, e.g. all
except the thresh-selected objects, with see -thresh.
[1msel [22mselname = selexpr
Compute a logical combination of selection-sets and assign them
to another such set. The set membership is originally assigned
by thresh or only commands. Yeah, I know this doesn't make
sense. Need a separate section to document selection-sets.
[1msel [22mselexpr
Count the number of particles in the selection-set selexpr.
[1mclearobj[0m
Erase all particles in this group. Useful for reloading on the
fly.
[1mevery [4m[22mN[0m
Display a random subset (every [4mN[24m-th) of all particles. E.g.
every 1 shows all particles, every 2 shows about half of them.
Reports current subsampling factor, and the current total number
of particles.
[1mhist [4m[22mdatafield[24m [-n [4mnbuckets[24m] [-l] [-c] [-t] [[4mminval[24m] [[4mmaxval[24m]
Generates a (numerical) histogram of values of [4mdatafield[24m, which
may be a named field (as from datavar) or a field index.
Divides the value range (either [4mminval[24m..[4mmaxval[24m or the actual
range of values for that field) into [4mnbuckets[24m equal buckets (11
by default). Uses logarithmically-spaced intervals if -l (so
long as the data range doesn't include zero). If a clipbox is
defined, use -c to count only particles within it. If a thresh
or only subset is defined, use -t to count only the chosen
subset.
[1mbound [w][0m
Reports 3D extent of the data. With w, reports it in world
coordinates, otherwise in object coordinates.
[1mdatavar[0m
[1mdv [22mReport names and value ranges (over all particles in current
group) of all named data fields.
[1m4.7. Boxes[0m
[1mshowbox [4m[22mlist[24m [4mof[24m [4minteger[24m [4mbox[24m [4mlevel[24m [4mnumbers...[0m
[1mhidebox [4m[22mlist[24m [4mof[24m [4minteger[24m [4mbox[24m [4mlevel[24m [4mnumbers...[0m
[1mbox[es] [off|on|only][0m
Turn box display off or on; or display boxes but hide all
particles.
[1mboxcmap [4m[22mfilename[0m
Color boxes using that colormap. Each box's level number (set
by -l option of box data-command, default 0) is the color index.
[1mboxcment [4m[22mcolorindex[24m [[4mR[24m [4mG[24m [4mB[24m]
Get or set the given box-colormap index. E.g. boxcment 0
reports the color of boxes created with no -l specified.
[1mboxlabel [on|off][0m Label boxes by id number (set by -n option of box data-command).
[1mboxaxes [on|off][0m
Toggle or set box axes display mode.
[1mboxscale [float] [on|off][0m
[1mgobox [4m[22mboxnumber[0m
[1mgoboxscale[0m
[1mmenu fmenu[0m
BEGIN CAVEMENU
pos P1 P2
wall P1
hid [P1]
show [P1]
h [P1]
demandfps [P1]
font
help
?
END CAVEMENU
[1mdatascale[0m
[1m4.8. Data commands[0m
(see also partibrains.c::specks_read)
Data Commands can be placed in a data file. Lines starting with #
will be skipped.
Control Commands can also be given, if prefixed with the eval command.
[1mread [4m[22mfile[0m
read a speck formatted file. Recursive, commands can nest.
(strtok ok??) Note that read is also a Control Command, doing
exactly the same thing.
[1minclude [4m[22mfile[0m
read a speck formatted file.
[1mieee [-t time] [4m[22mfile[0m
read a IEEEIO formatted file, with optional timestep number (0
based). Support for this type of data must be explicitly
compiled into the program.
[1mkira [4m[22mfile[0m
read a kira formatted file. See the kiractl Control Command to
modify the looks of the objects.
[1msetenv name value[0m
Add (or change) a named variable of the environment variables
space of partiview. Enviroment variables, like in the normal unix shell, can be referred to by prepending their name with a
$. [4mNote[24m [4mthere[24m [4mprobably[24m [4mis[24m [4mnot[24m [4man[24m [4munsetenv[24m [4mcommand[24m.
[1mobject [4m[22mgN=ALIAS[0m
Defines/Selects a particular group number (N=1,2,3....) to an
ALIAS. In command mode you can use gN=ALIAS. Any data following
this command will now belong to this group.
[1mobject [4m[22mObjectName[0m
Select an existing group. Following data will now belong to this
group.
[1msdbvars [4m[22mvar[0m
Choose which data fields to extract from binary sdb files (any
of: mMcrogtxyzSn) for subsequent sdb commands.
[1msdb [-t time] [4m[22mfile[0m
Read an SDB (binary) formatted file, with optional timestep
number. (Default time is latest datatime, or 0.)
[1mpb [-t time] [4m[22mfile[0m
Read a .pb (binary) particle file, with optional timestep
number. (Default time is latest datatime, or 0.) A .pb file
contains (all values 32-bit integer or 32-bit IEEE float):
1. magic number, 0xFFFFFF98 (int32)
2. byte offset of first particle (int32)
3. number of attributes (int32)
4. sequence of null-terminated attribute name strings,
attributename0 \0 attributename1 \0 ...
5. possibly some pad bytes, enough to reach the specified first-
particle file offset
6. sequence of particle records, each (number-of-attributes +
4)*4 bytes long:
a. particle-id (int32)
b. particle X, Y, Z (3 float32's)
c. particle attributes (number-of-attributes float32's)
ending at the end of the file (i.e. there's no particle-count
field).
Either big- or little-endian formats are accepted; the value of
the magic number determines endianness of all values in that
file.
[1mbox[es] [4m[22m....[0m
Draw a box, using any of the following formats:
xmin ymin zmin xmax ymax zmax
xmin,xmax ymin,ymax zmin,zmax
xcen,ycen,zcen xrad,yrad,zrad
[-t time] [-n boxno] [-l level] xcen,ycen,zcen xrad,yrad,zrad
level determines color.
mesh [-t [4mtxno[24m] [-c [4mcolorindex[24m] [-s [4mstyle[24m]
Draw a quadrilateral mesh, optionally colored or textured.
Following the [1mmesh [22mline, provide a line with the mesh
dimensions: nu nv
Following this comes the list of [4mnu[24m*[4mnv[24m mesh vertices, one vertex
(specified by several blank-separated numbers) per line. (Blank
lines and comments may be interspersed among them.) Note that
the mesh connections are implicit: vertex number i*nu+j is
adjacent to (i-1)*nu+j, (i+1)*nu+j, i*nu+(j-1), and i*nu+(j+1).
Each vertex line has three or five numbers: the first three give
its 3-D position, and if a -t texture was specified, then two
more fields give its u and v texture coordinates.
Options:
-t [4mtxno[0m
Apply texture number [4mtxno[24m to surface. In this case, each
mesh vertex should also include u and v texture coordinates.
-c [4mcolorindex[0m
Color surface with color from integer cmap entry [4mcolorindex[24m.
-s [4mstyle[0m
Drawing style:
[4msolid[0m
filled polygonal surface (default)
[4mwire[0m
just edges
[4mpoint[0m
just points (one per mesh vertex)
[4mXcen[24m [4mYcen[24m [4mZcen[24m ellipsoid [4m[options]...[24m [4m[transformation][0m
Draw an ellipsoid, specified by:
Xcen Ycen Zcen
Center position in world coordinates
-c [4mcolorindex[0m
Integer color index (default -1 => white)
-s [4mstyle[0m
Drawing style:
[4msolid[0m
filled polygonal surface (default)
[4mplane[0m
3 ellipses: XY, XZ, YZ planes
[4mwire[0m
latitude/longitude ellipses
[4mpoint[0m
point cloud: one per lat/lon intersection
-r [4mXradius[24m[,[4mYradius[24m,[4mZradius[24m]
Radius (for sphere) or semimajor axes (for ellipsoid)
-n [4mnlat[,nlon][0m Number of latitude and longitude divisions. Relevant even
for [4mplane[24m style, where they determine how finely the
polygonal curves approximate circles. Default [4mnlon[24m = [4mnlat[24m/2
+ 1.
[4mtransformation[0m
Sets the spatial orientation of the ellipsoid. May take any
of three forms:
[1m(nothing)[0m
If absent, the ellipsoid's coordinate axes are the same as
the world axes for the group it belongs to.
[1m9 blank-separated numbers[0m
A 3x3 transformation matrix T from ellipsoid coordinates
to world coordinates, in the sense Pworld = Pellipsoid * T
+ [Xcen, Ycen, Zcen].
[1m16 blank-separated numbers[0m
A 4x4 transformation matrix, as above but for the obvious
changes.
[1mwaveobj [-time [4m[22mtimestep[24m] [-static] [-texture [4mnumber[24m] [-c [4mcol-[0m
[4morindex[24m] [-s [4mstyle[24m] [4mfile.obj[0m
Load a Wavefront-style .obj model. Material properties are
ignored; the surface is drawn in white unless -c [4mcolorindex[24m in
which case it's drawn using that color-table color. Also if
-texture (alias -tx) is supplied, the surface is textured using
whatever texture coordinates are supplied in the .obj file. The
model is displayed at all times only if marked -static;
otherwise it's displayed only at the time given by -time
[4mtimestep[24m or by the most recent [4mdatatime[24m.
A subset of the .obj format is accepted:
[1mv [4m[22mX[24m [4mY[24m [4mZ[0m
-- vertex position
[1mvt [4m[22mU[24m [4mV[0m
-- vertex texture coordinates
[1mvn [4m[22mNX[24m [4mNY[24m [4mNZ[0m
-- vertex normal
[1mf [4m[22mV1[24m [4mV2[24m [4mV3[24m [4m...[0m
-- face, listing just position indices for each vertex. The
first v line in the .obj file has index 1, etc.
[1mf [4m[22mV1/T1[24m [4mV2/T2[24m [4mV3/T3[24m [4m...[0m
-- face, listing position and texture coordinates for each
vertex of the face.
[1mf [4m[22mV1/T1/N1[24m [4mV2/T2/N2[24m [4mV3/T3/N3[24m [4m...[0m
-- face, listing position, texture-coordinate, and normal
indices for each vertex.
Note that material properties (mtl) are ignored. Waveobj models
are colored according to the -c [4mcolorindex[24m option (integer index
into the current cmap colormap), or white if no -c is used. If
texturing is enabled -- if the .obj model contains vt entries,
and the -texture option appears, and that numbered texture
exists -- then the given texture color multiplies or replaces
the -c color, according to the texture options.
[1mtfm [camera] [4m[22mnumbers...[0m
Object-to-world transformation. May take 1, 6, 7, 9 or 16
numbers: either [4mscalefactor[24m or [4mtx[24m [4mty[24m [4mtz[24m [4mrx[24m [4mry[24m [4mrz[0m [it/scalefactor/] or 16 numbers for 4x4 matrix, or 9 numbers for
3x3 matrix. See [4mCoordinates[24m [4mand[24m [4mCoordinate[24m [4mTransformations[24m.
Normally the transform is to world coordinates; but with
optional camera prefix, the object's position is specified
relative to the camera, useful to place legends in a fixed
position on the screen. In camera coordinates, (0,0,0) is the
viewpoint, x=y=0 at screen center, and negative z extends
forward. Try for example
tfm camera -3 -3 -20 0 0 0
0 0 0 text -size 20 Legend
[1meval [4m[22mcommand[0m
execute a Control Command.
[1mfeed [4m[22mcommand[0m
Synonym for eval.
[1mVIRDIR [4m[22mcommand[0m
Synonym for eval.
[1mfilepath [4m[22mpath[0m
A colon-separated list of directories in which datafiles, color
maps, etc. will be searched for. If preceded with the + symbol,
this list will be appended to the current [4mfilepath[24m.
[1mpolyorivar [4m[22mindexno[0m
By default, when polygons are drawn, they're parallel to the
screen plane -- simple markers for the points. It's sometimes
useful to give each polygon a fixed 3-D orientation (as for disk
galaxies). To do this, provide 6 consecutive data fields,
representing two 3-D orthogonal unit vectors which span the
plane of the disk. Then use polyorivar [4mindexno[24m giving the data
field number of the first of the 6 fields. The vectors define
the X and Y directions on the disk, respectively -- relevant if
texturing is enabled.
Actually, unit vectors aren't essential; making them different
lengths yields non-circular polygonal disks.
If polyorivar is specified for the group, but some polygons
should still lie in the screen plane, use values 9 9 9 9 9 9 for
those polygons.
[1mtexture [-aiAOlmnMDB] [4m[22mtxno[24m [4mfile.sgi[0m
[1m-a(lpha)[0m
A single-channel image would normally be used as luminance
data. With -a, the image is taken as opacity data instead
(GL_ALPHA texture format).
[1m-i(ntensity)[0m
For 1- or 3-channel images, compute the intensity of each
pixel and use it to form an alpha (opacity) channel.
[1m-A(dd)[0m
Use additive blending. This texture will add to, not
obscure, the brightness of whatever lies behind it (i.e.
whatever is drawn later).
[1m-O(ver)[0m Use "over" compositing. This texture will obscure features
lying behind it according to alpha values at each point.
[1m-M(odulate)[0m
Multiply texture brightness/color values by the colormap-
determined color of each particle.
[1m-D(ecal)[0m
The textured polygon's color is determined entirely by the
texture, suppressing any colormapped color.
[1m-B(lend)[0m
Probably not very useful.
[1mtexturevar [4m[22mfield[0m
If polygon-drawing and texturing are turned on, use the given
[4mfield[24m (datavar name or number) in each particle to select which
texture (if any) to draw on its polygon.
[1mcoord [4m[22mname[24m [4m...[24m [4m16[24m [4mworld-to-coord[24m [4mtfm[24m [4mfloats[24m [4m(GL[24m [4morder)[0m
[1mdataset [4m[22mindexno[24m [4mdatasetname[0m
Give names to multiple datasets in IEEEIO files (read with ieee
command). [4mindexno[24m is an integer, 0 being the first dataset.
[1mdatavar [4m[22mindexno[24m [4mname[24m [4m[minval[24m [4mmaxval][0m
Name the variable in data field [4mindexno[24m. The first data field
has [4mindexno[24m 0. If provided, [4mminval[24m [4mmaxval[24m supply the nominal
range of that data variable; some control commands (lum, color)
need to know the range of data values, and will use this instead
of measuring the actual range.
[1mdatatime [4m[22mtime[0m
Label subsequent data with this [4mtime[24m (a non-negative integer).
[4mXpos[24m [4mYpos[24m [4mZpos[24m [4mVar0[24m [4m....[0m
These lines, with XYZ positions in the first 3 columns, will
make up the bulk of a typical dataset. The 4th and subsequent
columns contain the values of the datavariables as named with
the [1mdatavar [22mcommands. Note that data variable (field) numbers
are 0-based.
[1m4.9. Kira/Starlab[0m
To read Kira output, in human-readable or binary [1mtdyn [22mform, use the
``kira [4mkirafilename[24m'' data-command.
[1m4.9.1. Kira particle attributes[0m
The particles read in have the following attributes:
[1mid[0m
positive integer worldline index for single stars (matching the
id in the kira stream). For non-leaf (center-of-mass) tree
nodes, id is a negative integer.
[1mmass[0m Mass, in solar mass units (see ``kira mscale'' control command).
[1mnclump[0m
Number of stars in this particle's subtree. 1 for isolated
stars, 2 for binaries, etc.
[1mTlog[0m
base-10 log of temperature (K)
[1mLum[0m
Luminosity in solar-mass units. (Note this is linear, not log
luminosity.)
[1mstype[0m
Stellar type code (small integer). The [bracketed] message
reported when picking (button-2 or p key) on a star gives the
corresponding human-readable stellar type too.
[1mismember[0m
Is this star still a member of (bound to) the cluster?
[1mrootid[0m
id of root of subtree. For single stars, rootid = id.
[1mtreeaddr[0m
bit-encoded location of star in subtree.
[1mringsize[0m
0 for stars. For nonleaf nodes, this is the semimajor axis or
instantaneous separation (according to ``kira sep''). This
field isn't multiplied by the scale factor given in kira sep; it
gives the actual distance in kira units.
[1msqrtmass[0m
Square root of mass/Msun. Might be useful for luminosity
scaling.
[1mmu[0m
Mass ratio for center-of-mass nodes. Zero for stars.
[1m4.9.2. Hertzsprung-Russell diagram[0m
The H-R diagram can be invoked via the More... menu (upper left) or by
the kira hrdiag on control command. Axes for this plot are log
temperature (initial range from 5 to 3) and log luminosity (initial
range -4 to 6). Ranges may be changed with the kira hrdiag range
command or with keystrokes.
Keystroke commands in the H-R window:
[1mb/B[0m
Adjust the (b)rightness (dot size) of the dots plotted for each
star. Small b brightens (enlarges); capital B shrinks.
[1ma/A[0m
Adjust (a)lpha (opacity) of dots plotted for each star. If many
stars coincide in H-R, their brightnesses add. Thus reducing
opacity may help clarify the relative L-T space densities, if
there are many stars.
[1mv/V[0m
Zoom out (v) or in (V) by 33%. The point under the cursor
becomes the center of the view.
[1m4.9.3. kira control commands[0m
Viewing control options for kira/Starlab formatted data that have been
read in with the kira Data Command. All control commands begin with
kira too.
[1mkira node {on|off|root}[0m
Show or hide center-of-mass nodes for multiple stars. With on,
show CM nodes for each level in a binary tree. With root, show
only the top-level CM node for each multiple.
[1mkira ring {on|off|root}[0m
Show circles around multiple stars; on and root as above.
[1mkira tree {on|off|cross|tick} [[4m[22mtickscale[24m]
Show lines connecting pairs of stars at each binary-tree level
in a multiple group. With cross, also show a perpendicular line
-- a tick mark -- which crosses at the CM point, and whose
length is tickscale (default 0.5) times the true separation of
the pair. With tick, just show the tick-mark with no connecting
line.
[1mkira size [sep|semi] [[4m[22mringscalefactor[24m]
Determines 3-D size of circles when kira ring on. With kira
size sep, ring diameter is scalefactor * instanteous separation.
With kira size semi, ring radius is scalefactor * a (the
semimajor axis of the two-body system, or |a| for hyperbolic
orbits). Using semi gives typically more stable-looking rings,
though they will pop if they become marginally (un-)bound.
Default: kira size semi 1.5.
[1mkira scale [4m[22mringscalefactor[0m
Synonym for kira size above.
[1mkira span [4m[22mminpix[24m [4mmaxpix[0m
Sets screen-space (pixel) size limits on rings. They'll never
get smaller than radius [4mminpix[24m nor larger than [4mmaxpix[24m,
regardless of true 3-D size. Thus even vanishingly tight
binaries can always be visibly marked. Default: kira span 2 50.
[1mkira track [4m[22mid[24m|on|off
As particle [4mid[24m moves through time, move the viewpoint in the
same way, so that (if you don't move the view by navigation) the
particle remains fixed in apparent position. kira track off
disables tracking, and kira track on re-enables it. Use the p
key or mouse button 2 to pick a particle (or CM node if kira
node on) to see its numeric [4mid[24m. Transient center-of-mass nodes
(shown if kira node on) can be tracked while they exist.
[1mkira mscale [4m[22mmassscalefactor[24m[!]
Set/check the mass scale factor. Starlab dynamical mass values
are multiplied by this factor for reporting to the user.
Normally [4mmassscalefactor[24m should equal the initial cluster mass
in solar-mass units. For some input files, starlab can
determine what was specified in the original kira run. If so,
``kira mscale [4mnumber[24m'' will be ignored unless [4mnumber[24m ends with
an exclamation point (!). So with no !, the user (or .cf
script) provides a default value; use ! to override the original
mass scale.
[1mkira int [4m[22mseldest[24m [= [4mselsrc[24m]
Track interactions between particles. As the cluster evolves,
whenever any star matching selection-expression [4mselsrc[0m encounters (is a member of the same kira tree as) another
particle, then the other particle is added to the [4mseldest[24m set.
If [4mseldest[24m and [4mselsrc[24m are the same (or if ``= [4mselsrc[24m'' is
omitted), then kira int computes the transitive closure of the
interaction set. Otherwise, only stars that encounter members
of the initial [4mselsrc[24m set become members of the [4mseldest[24m set.
Example:
[1mclick on some star[0m
The clicked-on star(s) become members of the pick set.
[1msel x = pick[0m
Save a copy in the new set named x.
[1mkira int x[0m
Accumulate encounters in the set x.
[1memph x[0m
Increase brightness of members of x.
[1mkira trail x[0m
Extend trails from these set members.
[1mkira trail [4m[22mselexpression[24m|off
Leave trails behind particles selected by [4mselexpression[24m (see the
sel command). As (dynamical) time passes, for each display
update, one sample point is added to the trail for each selected
particle. (If you reverse the direction of time, the trails
will fold back on themselves.) Some examples:
[1mkira trail all[0m
Makes trails grow behind all particles (including CM nodes,
if they're displayed)
[1mkira trail pick[0m
Clicking on a star will make a trail grow behind it. If
several stars are within picking range (under the cursor),
trails will grow behind each of them.
[1mthresh -s big mass > 1.5[0m
threshold when masses are larger than 1.5
[1mkira trail big[0m
These two commands (a) select all stars exceeding 1.5 solar
masses and (b) extend trails behind them.
[1mkira trail clear[0m
Erase current trails, but let them continue to accumulate as
time passes.
[1mkira maxtrail [4m[22mnsamples[0m
Set how many time-points are kept for each particle's trail,
initially 50.
[1mkira hrdiag on|off[0m
toggle to turn HD Diagram on or off. Initially off.
[1mkira hrdiag range [4m[22mlogTleft[24m [4mlogTright[24m [4mlogLbottom[24m [4mlogLtop[0m
set limits on the HD Diagram axes.
[1m4.10. Textures[0m
To make polygons be textured:
+o Use a series of texture data-commands to provide a table of
textures, each named by a small integer [4mtexture-index[24m;
+o Create a data field in each particle whose value is the [4mtexture-[0m
[4mindex[24m for that particle's polygon
+o Use data-command texturevar [4mfieldno[24m to specify which data field
that is.
+o Use control commands (poly, polylumvar, polysize) to enable drawing
polygons and textures, and to give the polygons nonzero size.
+o Possibly use control command polysides to specify 4-sided polygons
-- a bit faster to draw than default 11-gons.
It doesn't matter whether the texture-index data field is given a
datavar name.
For each particle, if the value of its [4mtexturevar[24m'th field either (a)
doesn't match the value in some texture command or (b) the file named
in that texture command couldn't be read, then its polygon is drawn as
if texturing were disabled.
[1m4.11. Coordinates and Coordinate Transformations[0m
Matrices as for the [1mtfm [22mcommand are intended to be multiplied by an
object-coordinate row vector on the left, so that 4x4 matrices specify
a translation in their 13th through 15th entries. Generally they're
in the sense of an object-or-camera-to-world transform.
The six- or seven-number transforms ([4mtx[24m [4mty[24m [4mtz[24m [4mrx[24m [4mry[24m [4mrz[0m
[it/scalefactor/], as accepted by the [1mtfm [22mand [1mjump [22mcommands) are
interpreted as
[4mPworld[24m [4m=[24m [4mPobject[24m [4m*[24m [4mscalefactor[24m [4m*[24m rotY([4mry[24m) * rotX([4mrx[24m) * rotZ([4mrz[24m) *
translate([4mtx,ty,tz[24m)
[1m4.12. Colormap Files[0m
Colormap files, as read by the cmap and vcmap commands, are line-
oriented text files. Blank lines are ignored, as are # comments. The
first nonblank, non-comment line gives the colormap [4msize[24m (number of
entries). Later lines may have the form
<it/R G B/
giving red, green, and blue, each in the range 0 .. 1. Typically
there will be [4msize[24m of these lines. However the colormap need not be
written sequentially; a line like
<it/colorindex/: <it/R G B/
places that RGB value at that [4mcolorindex[24m, in the range 0 .. [4msize[24m-1.
Later [4mR[24m [4mG[24m [4mB[24m lines are assigned to [4mcolorindex+1[24m, [4mcolorindex+2[24m and so
on. Also,
<it/colorindex/ := <it/oldcolorindex/
copies the (previously-assigned) RGB value from [4moldcolorindex[24m and
assigns it to [4mcolorindex[24m.
[1m5. Viewing Window Keyboard Shortcuts[0m
Commands that you can give from within the viewing window are all
single keystroke commands, often combined with moving the mouse.
TAB change focus to command window for Control Commands
S/s toggle STEREO mode (need blue/red glasses :-)
modes: mono redcyan crosseyed glasses
See also the 'stereo' View Command
> single frame forward stepping, in time animation mode
< single frame backward stepping, in time animation mode
Button-N various translation/rotation/zoom, depending on mode (fly/orbit/rot/tran)
SHIFT + Button-N modifier to the usual Button-N action, to have more fine control
CTRL + Button-N modifier to orbit-mode, e.g. to do translations instead of rotations
playmodes:
s playnow
l loop (rock)
f,e playevery=1
r,t playevery=0
Gview.cpp : Fl_Gview::handle()
cw reset camera position
p identify nearest object under mouse cursor
P pick that object as the new origin
o ORBIT mode
f FLY mode
r ROTATE mode
t TRANSLATE mode
O toggle perspective mode
v make field of view larger
V make field of view smaller
^v toggle debug output
@ report viewpoint position
= show object-to-world, world-to-object 4x4 matrices
(precede by object name, e.g. "c=", "g3=")
ESC exit
PrintScreen Take image snapshot of current view
< > Step backwards/forwards in dynamical time
(numeric prefix sets time step)
{ } Animate backwards/forwards in dynamical time
~ Fermionic dynamical-time animation toggle:
cycle between stop/forward/stop/backward/...
z Z Halve/double animation speed (dyn units/sec)
(numeric prefix sets animation speed)
[1m6. Partiview and NEMO[0m
The program snapspecks converts a NEMO snapshot to specks format that
can be read in directly by partiview. The default viewing variables
are x,y,z,m, but you can add and changed them by using the [1moptions=[0m
keyword. In fact, arbitrary [4mbodytrans[24m expressions can be used for
output. In the following example a 32-body Plummer sphere is created,
which is then given a power-law mass spectrum (with slope -2) between
0.5 and 10 mass units, and animated:
______________________________________________________________________
% mkplummer - 32 |\
snapmass - - massname='n(m)' masspars=p,-2 massrange=0.5,10 |\
hackcode1 - run1.dat
% snapspecks run1.dat > run1.tab
% partiview run1.cf
% cat run1.cf
read run1.tab eval labels off
eval lum lum 0 1
eval polylumvar point-size .1 area
texturevar 4
eval psize 5000
eval slum 5
eval every 1
______________________________________________________________________
[1m7. Tips[0m
During animation the trip/back buttons can effectively be used to
return to a point in time where you want to return back to if you
wanted to browse around some specific point in time.
You can spend most of the time moving in [o]rbit mode. Left-button
moves around chosen center; control-left pans around the sky. As
opposed to switching to 't' mode to zoom and translate, you can also
use SHIFT-Mouse-1 and SHIFT-Mouse-3 to achieve the same from the other
('o', 'f') modes.
To make an animation, create an executable shell script movie1 with
for example the following commands:
______________________________________________________________________
#! /bin/csh -f
#
echo step 0
echo update
echo snapshot
echo step 0.01
echo update
echo snapshot
echo step 0.02
echo update
echo snapshot
echo step 0.03
echo update
echo snapshot
...
______________________________________________________________________
the Control Command async movie1, and it will create files
snap.000.sgi, snap.001.sgi, .... and already with xv a movie can be
shown:
______________________________________________________________________
xv -wait 0 snap.???.sgi
______________________________________________________________________
To make animated GIFs, here are some examples with common software,
all with a default 0.1 sec delay between frames. Some animation
software (e.g. xanim) can change these:
______________________________________________________________________
convert -delay 10 -loop 0 snap.???.sgi try1.gif
gifsicle -d 10 snap.???.gif > try2.gif
______________________________________________________________________
The script will run asynchronously within partiview, so if you then
use the mouse to change orientation or zoom, these actions (minus the
location of the mouse of course) will be nicely recorded in the
snapshots.
[1m8. Bugs, Features and Limitations[0m
Here is a list of known peculiarities, some of them bugs, others just
features and others limitations, and there is always that class of
things I simply have not understood how it works.
[1m8.1. Limitations w.r.t. VirDir:[0m
1. cannot set an auto-motion, as we can in the dome, although one
could of course load a path and move through the dataset :-) I was
able to make a path (*.wf) file and load that though. Now mostly
solved via the Inertia toggle under the More button from the Top
Row Window.
[1m8.2. Some notes for newcomers to VirDir[0m
Although starting virdir is very similar to partiview,
______________________________________________________________________
% parti gal2.cf
or,
% virir gal2.cf
______________________________________________________________________
the seasoned partiview user will need to relearn a few modes to get
used to virdir. In particular, at AMNH starting virdir will probably
cause your console screen (which is normally panel#1 on the dome) to
go dark with no visible command prompt. To regain control, type the
commands (blindly)
______________________________________________________________________
raise
fly
idle
______________________________________________________________________
which will put virdir in fly and animation mode.
Here are some important modes, make sure you keep the mouse in the
console window. It is easy to get it lost in any of the other 6
displays which are only visible on the dome.
1. Pushing the Left and Right mouse buttons simultaneously will send
the display to the HOME position.
2. Left mouse button will toggle the Pause mode in animate/fly mode.
3. Holding the Ctrl-button down while moving the mouse will bring your
point of interest into view
4. Holding the Alt-button down while moving the mouse will rotate
around your point of interest.
5. The 'p' key
6. The middle mouse button toggles Head display vs. Center display.
7. Holding the Shift-button down while moving the mouse will change
the available screen-space (works like a zoom).
[1m9. Glossary[0m
1. group: particles can be grouped with the object command. If
multiple groups exist, a separate Group row will be activated
automatically.
2. data command, not to be confused with control command
3. control command, not to be confused with data command
4.